The UNFCCC Secretariat has published Indonesia’s long-term low-emission development strategy (LEDS), according to which the country’s national emissions are expected to peak in 2030, reaching 540 million ton of carbon dioxide equivalent (Mton CO2e) by 2050, with the land use and forestry sector becoming net sink. Indonesia also undertakes to explore the possibility to “rapidly progress towards net-zero emission in 2060 or sooner.”

Indonesia’s ‘Long-Term Strategy for Low Carbon and Climate Resilience 2050’ states that these commitments represent an increase from the country’s unconditional greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions reduction target of 29% and conditional target of up to 41% compared to business as usual in 2030 found in its first nationally determined contribution (NDC).

According to the LEDS, the Strategy “plays a central role” in aligning the climate goals and targets with national, sub-national, and international objectives, including the SDGs. It emphasizes the role of international partnership through trade and investment, research, technology cooperation, finance flows, and capacity development. Specifically, the Strategy identifies global partnership for fair trade and green investments as “one of [the] key drivers for the achievement of the Paris Agreement’s goal.”

Indonesia’s LEDS recommends revisiting the existing international regulatory and political framework for trade and investment in environmentally sound technologies, including through the removal of barriers to trade in renewable energy goods. The document mentions the Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership (RCEP) agreement, signed by 15 countries, including Indonesia, in November 2020, crediting it for providing “opportunities towards sustainable and environmental trading.”

The Strategy describes Indonesia’s national conditions and development objectives, outlines its long-term vision for mitigation per sector, and presents mitigation and adaptation pathways. Mitigation pathways cover the agriculture, forestry and other land use (AFOLU), energy, waste, and industrial processes and product use (IPPU) sectors.

The LEDS highlights cross-cutting policies and measures necessary for its successful implementation, including those targeting just transition of the workforce, gender equality and women’s empowerment, intergenerational equity, people in vulnerable situations, and local communities. [Publication: Long-Term Strategy for Low Carbon and Climate Resilience 2050 (Indonesia)]