30 July 2015
Monaco Submits INDC
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The UNFCCC Secretariat has announced that Monaco is the 50th Party to formally submit its intended nationally determined contribution (INDC), which sets out a greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions reduction target of 50% below 1990 levels by 2030.

The INDC is communicated in the context of Monaco's previously announced goals of reducing emissions 30% by 2020 and 80% by 2050.

monaco29 July 2015: The UNFCCC Secretariat has announced that Monaco is the 50th Party to formally submit its intended nationally determined contribution (INDC), which sets out a greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions reduction target of 50% below 1990 levels by 2030. The INDC is communicated in the context of Monaco’s previously announced goals of reducing emissions 30% by 2020 and 80% by 2050.

The INDC provides two possible breakdowns of its target, as one target for a ten-year period or as two targets over two five-year periods. In the latter scenario, the emissions reduction target is 40% by 2025, with the end result still a 50% reduction by 2030.

In addition, the INDC specifies that 1990 is the reference level for carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N2O), while 1995 is the reference level for fluorine gases, including nitrogen trifluoride (NF3).

The Party indicates that the INDC covers all sectors, but explains that Monaco is almost entirely urbanized, meaning green spaces are considered parks and gardens. Therefore, the Party will not report on emissions under a forest sector category.

Monaco describes its plan of action to meet its targets, outlining measures especially in the road transport, waste-to-energy, and building heating and cooling sectors, which are responsible for the vast majority of its emissions.

While the Party clearly indicates its intent to reach its target through domestic measures, the INDC assumes the availability of an international mechanism for the transfer of real, additional, permanent and verifiable emissions reductions units, in the instance that domestic measures are not sufficient at the end of the commitment period.

On adaptation, the INDC describes a study being undertaken to understand climate projections and impacts in Monaco, with the involvement of key actors in the health, water, biodiversity, urban infrastructure and services, building, energy, and economic fields. The aim of the project, which is set to finish in 2015, is to create an action plan that addresses vulnerabilities particular to Monaco.

All Parties to the UNFCCC are expected to submit INDCs in advance of the Paris Climate Change Conference, which will take place in November-December 2015. Those submitted by 1 October 2015 will be included in a synthesis report on their aggregate effect by 1 November 2015. Parties are anticipated to agree on a global climate change agreement to take effect in 2020 at the Paris Climate Change Conference. [UNFCCC Press Release] [Monaco’s INDC] [UNFCCC INDC Portal]


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